Signing of the Reichskonkordat between the German Reich and the Holy See on 20 July 1933. From left to right: Prelate Ludwig Kaas, Franz von Papen, Undersecretary of State Guiseppe Pizzardo, Eugenio Pacelli, Substitute Alfredo Ottaviani, Dr Rudolf Buttmann (Photo: BArch, Bild 183-R24391)